{"id":15602,"date":"2025-09-25T20:47:16","date_gmt":"2025-09-25T19:47:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnlanguages-bys.com\/?p=15602"},"modified":"2025-09-25T23:03:20","modified_gmt":"2025-09-25T22:03:20","slug":"introduction-a-la-phonetique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learnlanguages-bys.com\/ru\/introduction-a-la-phonetique\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction \u00e0 la phon\u00e9tique."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La <strong>phon\u00e9tique <\/strong>c\u2019est la partie de la linguistique qui \u00e9tudie les sons donc la prononciation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La <strong>prononciation <\/strong>est simplement la mani\u00e8re de positionner les muscles de la bouche pour faire sortir un son.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il y\u2019a beaucoup d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer par exemple chaque langue au monde utilise un alphabet pour la prononciation de leurs mots: <strong>c\u2019est l\u2019alphabet phon\u00e9tique international (API)<\/strong>; il a plusieurs lettres dans son tableau. Chaque langue prendra un nombre de lettre dans ce tableau en fonction du nombre sons qui existent chez elle. L\u2019anglais par exemple va prendre <strong>44 lettres dans le tableau des lettres phon\u00e9tiques.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/preview.redd.it\/fu5mcydvndo91.jpg?width=1080&amp;crop=smart&amp;auto=webp&amp;s=1bdaabc0f4a8df320fda879bcb8242ae8f3e151c\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:722px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1- Quelques d\u00e9finitions:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En phon\u00e9tique,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les lettres de l\u2019alphabet sont appel\u00e9es sons ou encore <strong>caract\u00e8res<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2060Un<strong> phon\u00e8me<\/strong> c\u2019est une lettre de la phon\u00e9tique. <strong>Ex: en anglais il y\u2019a 44 caract\u00e8res c\u2019est \u00e0 dire 44 phon\u00e8mes<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2060<strong>Phon\u00e8me court<\/strong> : c\u2019est un son qui est court, son contraire c\u2019est <strong>phon\u00e8me long<\/strong>. ( ce sont uniquement les <strong>voyelles qui peuvent \u00eatre longues ou courtes<\/strong>, les consonnes sont <strong>neutres<\/strong>, c\u2019est en fonction de la voyelle qu\u2019on verra si le son est fort ou court). Ex: <strong>\/e\/ c\u2019est un son court<\/strong> mais <strong>\/\u00ea\/ est un phon\u00e8me long<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2060<strong>Syllabe<\/strong>: c\u2019est un son rep\u00e9r\u00e9 dans un mot (<strong> les voyelles seules peuvent \u00eatre syllabes car toute voyelle est d\u00e9j\u00e0 un son<\/strong>. Mais les consonnes ont imp\u00e9rativement besoin de voyelles pour faire une syllabe). <strong>Ex: \u00e9cole = \u00e9 \/ co \/ le (3 syllabes) .<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2- Bases de la phon\u00e9tique:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants sont utilis\u00e9es en phon\u00e9tique,<br>Ils aident \u00e0 bien prononcer un mot; on les appelle les symboles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\/ \u2026 \/ les barres obliques<\/strong> : indique le mot \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur c\u2019est une prononciation, si tu ne mets pas les barres \/ to ma to\/, \u00e7a veut dire que je peux d\u00e9cider de lire ce mot comme je veux avec l\u2019accent fran\u00e7ais, am\u00e9ricain\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En anglais, il fat toujours mettre l\u2019accent sur une partie dans le mot c\u2019est diff\u00e9rent du fran\u00e7ais o\u00f9 on lit les mots avec le m\u00eame volume du d\u00e9but \u00e0 la fin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ainsi si un mot a une seule syllabe, il faut lire cela avec du<strong> volume c\u2019est \u00e0 dire en mettant de l\u2019accent dessus<\/strong>. Ex: <strong>Bag se prononce avec du volume<\/strong>.<br>On distingue quand le mot a plus d\u2019une syllabe, des accents pour indiquer sur quelle syllabe mettre du volume. Ex : <strong>nation = na &#8211; tion<\/strong> ( on met l\u2019accent o\u00f9 ? Tu ne peux pas savoir). Raison pour laquelle il y\u2019a :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>l\u2019accent primaire ( &#8216; )<\/strong> : pour indique o\u00f9 accentue quand le mot a entre <strong>2 \u00e0 3 syllabes<\/strong> :\/  &#8216;na tion \/ = nation \/ so &#8216;lu tion \/ = solution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2060<strong>Accent secondaire ( , )<\/strong> : c\u2019est comme son nom l\u2019indique, c\u2019est pour mettre l\u2019accent sur la 2e syllabe la plus forte dans le mot. Mais cet accent commence \u00e0 exister \u00e0 partir de \u00e0 partir des mots \u00e0 <strong>4 syllabes et plus<\/strong>: Population =<strong> ,po<\/strong> pu <strong>&#8216;la<\/strong> tion generation = <strong>,ge<\/strong> ne <strong>&#8216;ra<\/strong> tion ( la o\u00f9 il y\u2019a <strong>&#8216; <\/strong>c\u2019est la syllabe la plus forte et<strong> ,<\/strong> c\u2019est la 2e syllabe la plus forte du mot).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2060<strong>les parentheses (\u2026) <\/strong>: cela signifie que la lettre qui est \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur on peut la lire ou ne pas la lire. On a le choix. Ex: Atlanta = \/a <strong>(t)<\/strong> <em>&#8216;lan<\/em> <strong>(t)<\/strong> a\/ = \/a <strong>\u2018la<\/strong> na ou encore <em>at<\/em> <strong>&#8216;lan<\/strong> <em>ta<\/em>\/.<br><strong>NB:<\/strong> dans certains documents la lettres sera en exposant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Les 2 points ou 2 fl\u00e8ches ( : )<\/strong> : pour mettre de l&#8217;insistancesur la syllabe; notez que l&#8217;insistanceest differente de l&#8217;accentuation qui se marque avec l&#8217;utilisation des accents primaire et secondaire. Par contre la syllabe sur laquelle on insiste sera automatiquement accentu\u00e9e; c&#8217;estpour cette raison que vous verez un accent \u00e0 l&#8217;endroit de l&#8217;insistance: Ex: Teacher = \/&#8217;ti: cher\/<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour faire les exercices dans le cas o\u00f9 il y en; creez votre compte ici; <br>Ceci servira aussi \u00e0 laisser des commentaires sous les publications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t<div id=\"tutor-registration-wrap\" class=\"tutor-card tutor-p-none tutor-py-9\" style=\"max-width: 520px; margin: 0px auto;\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<form method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" id=\"tutor-registration-form\" class=\"tutor-p-8\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"tutor_course_enroll_attempt\" value=\"\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" id=\"_tutor_nonce\" name=\"_tutor_nonce\" value=\"6e360f4050\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15602\" \/>\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" value=\"tutor_register_student\" name=\"tutor_action\"\/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-form-group\">\n\t\t\t\t<label class=\"tutor-block tutor-mb-3\">\u0418\u043c\u044f<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-input-field tutor-mb-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class=\"tutor-form-control tutor-input\" type=\"text\" name=\"first_name\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"\u0418\u043c\u044f\" required autocomplete=\"given-name\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-form-group\">\n\t\t\t\t<label class=\"tutor-block tutor-mb-3\">\u0424\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-input-field tutor-mb-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class=\"tutor-form-control tutor-input\" type=\"text\" name=\"last_name\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"\u0424\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f\" required autocomplete=\"family-name\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-form-group\">\n\t\t\t\t<label class=\"tutor-block tutor-mb-3\">\u0418\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-input-field tutor-mb-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class=\"tutor-form-control tutor-input\" type=\"text\" name=\"user_login\" class=\"tutor_user_name\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"\u0418\u043c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\" required autocomplete=\"username\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-form-group\">\n\t\t\t\t<label class=\"tutor-block tutor-mb-3\">Email<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-input-field tutor-mb-8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class=\"tutor-form-control tutor-input\" type=\"text\" name=\"email\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"Email\" required autocomplete=\"email\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-password-strength-checker\" x-data=\"{ show: false, value: '' }\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-password-field\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"tutor-block tutor-mb-3\">\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"tutor-input-field tutor-mb-8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"tutor-flex tutor-items-center tutor-justify-center\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tstyle=\"position: absolute; 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